How to make an automatic water tap machine using Arduino

automatic water tap

In this article, I will describe how you can make an automatic water tap machine or an automatic hand washing machine using Arduino UNO.

You need to make

• Arduino UNO
• Single-channel relay module
• HC-sr04 Ultrasonic sensor
• Mini DC pump
• Pipe
• PVC pipe 20mm( dia)
• Jumper wire
• 2x 9v battery or power bank or DC 9v power supply
• Tub
• Plywood
• LED (Blue)
• 220-ohm resistor

Connection

• Ultrasonic module HC-sr04 Trig pin connect to Arduino Digital pin – 2
• Ultrasonic module HC-sr04 Echo pin connect to Arduino Digital pin -3
• Relay module signal in pin connect to Arduino Digital pin – 8
• LED connect to pump (+) & (-) via 220 ohm resistor

Here I used two 9 v batteries, one for Arduino & another for pump & relay.

Connection diagram of automatic water tap

Arduino Code

//Ultasonic Sensor

//Pins connected to the ultrasonic sensor
#define trigPin  2
#define echoPin 3
//LED pins
#define led 9
#define pump 8


int range = 5;//range in inches

void setup() {
  // initialize serial communication:
  Serial.begin(9600);
  //initialize the sensor pins
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  //initialize LED pins
  pinMode(led, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(pump, OUTPUT);
  //set LEDs
  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(pump, LOW);
  
}
void loop()
{
  // establish variables for duration of the ping, 
  // and the distance result in inches and centimeters:
  long duration, inches, cm;

  // The PING))) is triggered by a HIGH pulse of 2 or more microseconds.
  // Give a short LOW pulse beforehand to ensure a clean HIGH pulse:
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(5);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

  // Take reading on echo pin
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

  // convert the time into a distance
  inches = microsecondsToInches(duration);
  cm = microsecondsToCentimeters(duration);
  
  Serial.print(inches);
  Serial.print("in, ");
  Serial.print(cm);
  Serial.print("cm");
  Serial.println();
  
  if(inches < 5) {
    Serial.println("hand puted");
    digitalWrite(led, LOW);
    digitalWrite(pump, HIGH); 
     
    delay(100);
  } else {
    Serial.println("no hand");
     digitalWrite(led, HIGH);
     digitalWrite(pump, LOW); 
     delay(100);
  }  
  
  delay(200);
}

long microsecondsToInches(long microseconds)
{

  return microseconds / 74 / 2;
}

long microsecondsToCentimeters(long microseconds)
{
  // The speed of sound is 340 m/s or 29 microseconds per centimeter.
  // The ping travels out and back, so to find the distance of the
  // object we take half of the distance travelled.
  return microseconds / 29 / 2;
}

You can copy the above code or you can download the code bellow

You can download the code from here

Video tutorial of Automatic water tap